Interoceptive

Atypical interoception has been observed in EDs (Khalsa & Lapidus, 2016), although findings are inconsistent. Several studies have found that reduced interoceptive attention is related to disordered eating (e.g., Fassino et al., 2004), although dietary restraint may be associated with non-acceptance of internal states, rather than lack of clarity (Merwin et al., 2010). Others have shown no difference in cardiac interoceptive accuracy (e.g., Eshkevari et al., 2014). Self-reported interoceptive accuracy has been measured extensively in EDs using the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI; Garner et al., 1983), with a meta-analysis reporting substantial interoceptive deficits across multiple EDs (Jenkinson et al., 2018).