Pretour

⁽¹⁾ Its procedure included administering the pretour questionnaire to the experimental and control groups[.] ⁽²⁾ The pretour measures were administered during the bus ride from Israel to the Egyptian border[.]

Photographs taken of tourists proudly smiling in front of historical sites or familiar icons are not just shown, but serve as mnemonic devices for storytelling. And the tales do not merely repeat a pretour story, they embellish, privatize, and transform the master narrative. […¶] Another way tourists move beyond the pretour narrative during the tour stems from the sheer materiality of being there, engaging in the practice of the tour, enacting the itinerary, and moving through the site, be it a Maasai compound, a Balinese dance performance, a five-hundred-year-old castle in Ghana, or an 1830s Abraham Lincoln heritage site. To perform the site is to inscribe the pretour narrative within the body of the tourist.